.: PAKISTAN NAVY :. A Silent Force to Reckon with... [ a 4 dimensional force]

UNIT’S ROLE
The primary mission of BAHADUR, Maritime Operations Training Complex (MOTC) is:
‘To conduct Basic, Mid Career, and Specialized Processional Courses for Officers and Sailors of Operations and all Associated Branches of PN and Allied Navies’.

The unit also groom student officers and CPO/sailors in military subjects which includes parade training, physical training etc.

TRAINING PHILOSOPHY
Based on the above mentioned mission, the training philosophy is:

a. Materially Supported
b. Assignment Based
c. Inter-active Approach
d. Centralised Examination
e. Computer Based Evaluations
f. Standardization and Computerization of all training related activities and records through LAN
g. Feedback of the product from Field

Various schools and training infrastructure at PNS Bahadur is:

NAVIGATION & OPERATIONS SCHOOL

HISTORY
The Navigation & Operations School was established at PNS HIMALAYA in November 1949 and was shifted to its present location in 1982. The school has about 55 years experience in training junior officers and sailors of Pakistan and Allied Navies. Specialization courses i.e., Long Navigation & Direction (ND) and PWO are conducted every year for officers of Pakistan and other foreign navies since 1980 and 1998 respectively.

ROLE
The role of Navigation & Operations School is:
‘To conduct basic, mid-career and advance professional courses for officers and sailors of Navigation and Operations branch of Pakistan and Allied Navies.’

FACILITIES AVAILABLE
The school has adequate number of class rooms which are equipped with modern training aids/facilities like computers, multimedia, over head projectors. The school also has internet facility for the students to explore various aspects of modern technologies in the field of navigation and operations. The school has a library and conference room to conduct presentations by student officers.

In addition, the school has:

a. Indigenously developed ROR, TCM and ASMDsoftwares to practice the concepts taught in the class rooms.
b. Ship model with different ROR lights fitted for teaching various aspects of ROR.
c. Magnetic compass model.
d. Illustrations on various subjects.
e. Digital videos for interactive training.

SIMULATORS
There are number of simulators held in the school which are being effectively utilized to augment the training effort as per the modern trends. These include Navigational and Operational Instruments and various other equipment: Some are as under:

a. Navigation Radar 1007. The school is equipped with KH-1007 Navigation Radar with 2 PPIs. Officers and sailors classes are imparted practical training on this radar.

b. Ships Models and Ship Handling Room With Night Navigation Facility. The school has a ship handling room with four ship models. Officers and sailors classes are imparted practical training on ship handling both during day and night prior boarding the ships.

c. SIS Radar Simulator. Sea Information Simulator (SIS) installed at Navigation & Ops School consists of complete radar system, which can accept, display, process and perform radar functions in multi user simulated environment. The configuration of simulator includes one master (Instructor) console and five student consoles. Each station is capable of simulating complete radar picture, being updated instantaneously through networked environment. The hardware includes PCs, a plotter and a digitizer. The simulator provides training to officers and ratings in the different fields which are:

(1) Radar Reporting. The simulator provides practice to the radar operators in detecting, acquiring, estimating and classifying the contacts appearing on radar PPI.

(2) Manoeuvring. The simulator is capable of conducting manoeuvring exercises during which students are given different stationing exercises and students are capable to calculate course, time and distance to new station.

(3) Blind Pilotage. In order to exercise the concept of Blind pilotage on radar the application enables the user to view all objects as they appear on the radar. The user is able to plan his track on chart and then shift the same to radar as an off line activity. User can also save NAVPLANs.

(4) Radar Fixing. The concept of Radar Fixing on computer based simulator is to familiarize the students and enable them to identify various navigational aids, coastal features and land marks to carryout practice for radar fixing.

d. Bridge Simulator. Bridge Simulator is being installed to train Officer of the Watches and junior officers on bridge procedures and will be interfaced with Sea Information Simulator (SIS).

HISTORY
The school imparts professional trainings to the Officers and Sailors of Gunnery Branch of Pakistan and Allied Navies in the field of Above Water Warfare. Surface weapons school previously known as Gunnery School was first established at Manora on 27 November 1943. On 13 October 1982, it was shifted to its present location at PNS BAHADUR and has now expanded with numerous simulators and Computer Based Training facilities.

ROLE
The role of Surface Weapons School is:
‘To train the Officers and CPO/Sailors of Pakistan Navy and Allied Navies on Above Water Warfare subjects.’

a. Multimedia projector with computer.
b. Over head projectors.
c. Videos on various topics.
d. Various wooden and metallic models to explain Fire control theory terms.
e. Various models/mock ups for guns/missiles.
f. Indoor shooting range.
g. Musketry range.

SIMULATORS
a. SY-1 Simulator. This simulator was indigenously developed and installed in 1996. It provides the complete simulation and practical training for target engagement sequence to missile firing.

b HETA (Harpoon Engagement Training Aid). This tactical training aid was procured from USA in the year 1990. This training aid is capable of imparting tactical training by simulating target detection, identification, designation, engagement planning and firing of missile. This training aid also simulates the firing results.

c. Chaff Simulator. Chaff simulator is available in the school to train various classes on firing procedures/mechanism of chaff firing.

d. Gun System Simulator. This simulator has been indigenously developed recently. This system is similar to the actual system installed onboard ships for the training of the crew.

e. ATPS (Acquisition Tracking Practice Simulator). The Surface to Air Missile Acquisition and Tracking Practice Simulator was procured from France. The system is designed to give the gunner practice in the acquisition of a real target. During a sequence, it is being used to carry out the various start-up and simulated firing sequences and test the gunner’s reaction times.

f. Command, Control and Communications Trainer. This training aid is capable of imparting tactical training by simulating target detection, identification, designation including target engagement planning and firing of missiles and guns.

g. Close Range Guns (manual). Actual guns placed at school are being used for imparting practical training to the gun crews.

HISTORY
PN Signal School was established in Feb 1948 at PNS HIMALAYA. The school was again shifted to PNS KARSAZ in 1970. The school was finally shifted to its present site in June 1982 and was renamed as PN Communication School. First Long ‘C’ course was conducted in 1975 and till today 26 Long ‘C’ courses have been under taken which were also availed by the officers from Allied Navies.

‘To impart thorough knowledge of Maritime Communication methods and procedures to officers and personnel of communication branch in order to enable them to perform their duties ashore and afloat.’

S. No.	COURSE	DURATION	SCHEDULE
1.	Long ‘C’ Course for officers	30 Weeks	1st Half
2.	Basic courses for Sub Lieutenants	2-7 Weeks	On requirement
3.	Advancement Course for Chief Petty Officers	13 Weeks	On requirement
4.	Mid Career Course for Petty Officers (Communication Artificers (Visual))	28 Weeks	Twice a year
5.	Mid Career Course for Petty Officers (Communication Artificers (Radio))	28 Weeks	Twice a year
6.	Communication Tactical Course for Allied countries	46 Weeks	1st Half
7.	Mid Career Course for Leading Communication Technicians (Visual)	28 Weeks	Twice a year
8.	Mid Career Course for Leading Communication Technicians (Radio)	28 Weeks	Twice a year
9.	Basic Course for Communication Technicians	31 Weeks	Twice a year

FACILITIES AVAILABLE

The school has adequate number of class rooms which are equipped with modern training aids/facilities like computers, multimedia, over head projectors and internet facility for research work. In addition to the above, school has:

a. Computer Lab
b. Technical Library
c. Manoeuvring/Screening Room

SIMULATORS
Following Training Aids/Simulators are available in the school:

a. CW Morse Simulator. School has indigenously developed CW Morse Simulator which is used to train W/T operators in Morse reception and transmission through computer system.

b. Digitized Flashing Trainer. School is also equipped with Digitized Flashing Trainer for conducting flashing exercises for the officers and sailor classes.

c. Typing Trainer. To improve the typing skills of communication sailors, sufficient number of manual typewriters are available in the school.

e. Manoeuvring and Screening Trainer. School also has a Manoeuvring and Screening Room to train the V/S operators/Yeoman in practical training of manoeuvring at sea.

f. Voice Trainer. School has multiple voice huts/cubicles and a control room to train the communication personnel of different branches in voice operating procedures.

g. WAN Simulator. A Wide Area Network simulator is under development which will enable school to provide On Job Training/Practical Training on WAN system to the students.

UNDERWATER WARFARE SCHOOL

HISTORY
Underwater Warfare School, the alma-mater of TAS branch officers and sailors was established at PNS HIMALAYA in 1947. The School imparts training to personnel in ASW as well as in Mine Warfare. The school has about 55 years experience in training junior officers and sailors of Pakistan and other foreign navies. The school was shifted to the present location in 1982.

ROLE
The role of Under Water Warfare School is:
To train PN and Allied Officers, CPOs/sailors in Underwater Warfare in order to facilitate in performance of their duties as TAS personnel onboard ships.

COURSES OFFERED

S. No.	COURSE	DURATION	SCHEDULE
1.	Long ‘C’ Course for officers	30 Weeks	1st Half
2.	Basic courses for Sub Lieutenants	2-7 Weeks	On requirement
3.	Advancement Course for Chief Petty Officers	13 Weeks	On requirement
4.	Mid Career Course for Petty Officers (Communication Artificers (Visual))	28 Weeks	Twice a year
5.	Mid Career Course for Petty Officers (Communication Artificers (Radio))	28 Weeks	Twice a year
6.	Communication Tactical Course for Allied countries	46 Weeks	1st Half
7.	Mid Career Course for Leading Communication Technicians (Visual)	28 Weeks	Twice a year
8.	Mid Career Course for Leading Communication Technicians (Radio)	28 Weeks	Twice a year
9.	Basic Course for Communication Technicians	31 Weeks	Twice a year

FACILITIES AVAILABLE
The school has adequate number of classrooms which are equipped with modern training aids/facilities like computers, multimedia, over head projectors and internet facility for research work. In addition, the school has:

a. Torpedo and mine model and functional stateboards.
b. Torpedo and mine cutaway models.
c. Bathy Thermograph Launcher and Recorder Model.

SIMULATORS
The school has adequate number of simulators to impart training and to remain at par with the challenges of contemporary Anti Submarine and Mine Warfare. Simulators available at the school are:

a. Sonar Trainer. The sonar trainer consisting of one instructor and eight student consoles can be configured to simulate and practice basic and advance level training exercises. The simulator has sufficient options and tools available to effectively generate various anti-submarine and mine hunting scenarios. Underwater sound profile prediction, weapon firing and platform prediction are few of the important features of this trainer.

b. Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle (ROV) Simulator. The simulator consisting of an instructor and nine student consoles is a real time simulator used to train the officers and sailors in handling of underwater remotely operated vehicles against modern state of the art mines. It is used for identification and neutralization of mines after their detection and classification.

c. Sonar Mockup. The sonar mockups have been designed to educate the trainees the function of various control panel on sonar system.

HYDROGRAPHY SCHOOL

HISTORY
Pakistan Navy has been conducting hydrographic survey and associated activities since independence. Prior to 1984, volunteers for survey branch were transferred onboard survey vessel "Ex PNS ZULFIQUAR" for OJT on mainly conventional survey techniques and then selected personnel were sent abroad for basic hydrographic course.

It was later, however, realized that like any other form of naval discipline, hydrography deserve due importance and that survey ship must focus on employment of trained staff rather than training them. With this philosophy in mind, it was decided to establish a dedicated hydrographic training facility where the specific basic training can be conducted at all levels.

PN Hydrography School was then established in September 1984 with the aim to train the survey officers and sailors in hydrography and allied disciplines so as to prepare them for efficient handling of equipment and relevant data. Concurrent to its core task of imparting training, the school conducts various land surveys in PN from time to time.

ROLE
The role of Hydrographic school is:
"Conduct basic professional courses for officers and basic, mid career and advance professional courses for CPOs/sailors of PN Hydrographic Service, allied navies and other related organizations in Pakistan."

COURSES OFFERED

S. No.	COURSE	DURATION	SCHEDULE
1.	Basic Hydrographic Course (Officers)	12 Weeks	1st Half
2.	Basic Cartographic Course (Officers)	05 Weeks	2nd Half
3.	Advance Professional Hydrographic Survey Course for Chief Petty Officers	08 Weeks	1st Half
4.	Advance Professional Hydrographic Survey Course for Petty Officers	13 Weeks	2nd Half
5.	Higher Professional Hydrographic Survey Course for Leading Rates	14 Weeks	1st Half
6.	Basic Professional Hydrographic Survey Tech for junior sailors	26 Weeks	Twice a year

SIMULATORS

The school is equipped with requisite survey equipment, instrument and training aids to provide theoretical knowledge as well as practical survey training covering requisite conventional and modern techniques of hydrographic survey. However, keeping in view the importance and accuracy required in large-scale surveys, conventional techniques are given due importance during the training.

PN Hydrographic Department follows International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) standards for conducting hydrographic surveys and training. The theoretical knowledge imparted in the classroom is implemented through practical surveys in the field, where the participants become familiar with various survey instruments and procedures for conducting Hydrographic Survey Operations. All opportunities are provided to the trainees for "On Job Training" on board Survey Vessel BEHR PAIMA and Cartographic Centre at Hydrographic Office, Karachi for practical hydrographic surveys and compilation of data respectively.

ELECTRONIC WARFARE TRAINING CENTRE

HISTORY
Pakistan Navy realized the importance of EW as a separate form of naval warfare and decided to establish a dedicated EW training facility, where the specific and extensive training can be conducted at all levels. Electronic Warfare Training Centre (EWTC) was therefore inaugurated in Dec 1993.

ROLE
The role of Electronic Warfare Training Centre is:
‘To train PN officers and men in the field of Electronic Warfare so as to prepare them for efficient handling of equipment and analyses of the relevant data.’

COURSES OFFERED

FACILITIES AVAILABLE
Training at EWTC mainly revolves around trainers and simulators in addition to the classroom instructions. These systems are optimally utilized to train officers, senior ratings and operators in near-real EW environment that cannot be generated or practiced in peacetime on actual EW equipment. The training aids at EWTC include:

a. EW Computer Laboratory
b. Reference Library
c. Audio Visual Library

SIMULATORS

a. Basic EW Trainer. Inducted in 1992, BEWT is the backbone of training at EWTC. It is a computer based generic system, based on Micro-Vax technology. The system is purpose-built for generating various scenarios commensurate to the actual situations at sea. The system can generate signals of almost all radar emitters. The video signals are presented in graphical or tabular displays according to the requirement. Audio signals are generated by the system as per the programmed parameters. Theses audio signals also change in terms of pitch and duration according to the programmed settings and duration. The system has 10 workstations for the trainees and a supervisor console.

b. Radar Detection Simulator. The simulator comprises 6 workstations called Training Support Centres (TSCs), any one of which can be configured as the master console for generating and running exercises. The displays, controls, appearance, behaviour and operation of TSCs are exactly like the actual setup onboard. The simulator is utilized for basic and Pre Ship Joining Training of personnel.

PN MUSIC SCHOOL

HISTORY
The school was first established in 1949 at PNS DILAWAR. In 1982, the training was shifted to Army School of Music, Abbotabad. However, the school remained functioning in skeleton form to conduct pre-course training of CPO/sailors. In 1992 regular training was again started at PNS DILAWAR and was shifted to present location at PNS BAHADUR in July 1993.

ROLE
The role of PN School of Music is:
‘To train naval musicians to enable them to read, write and play music so that they can efficiently carry out duties as musicians and band masters in different PN Bands.

COURSES OFFERED

1. Brass Band (Marshall Music)
2. Bag Pipe Band
3. Bugles
4. Orchestra Band
5. Key Boards
6. Metronomes